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108th House Rank Ordering

 Updated 23 August 2005

Below is the rank ordering of the 108th House as of 27 October 2004. This ordering was produced by the Optimal Classification (OC) algorithm described in:

"Non-Parametric Unfolding of Binary Choice Data." Political Analysis, 8:211-237, 2000.

The scaling program that performs the rank ordering along with some examples can be downloaded from my

Optimal Classification (OC) Scaling Program Page

The program that performs the rank ordering is also incorporated in my Quadratic-Normal (QN) Program:

Quadratic-Normal Scaling Program With Example Output Files (Zip File)

The QN Program is also publicly available from the Political Analysis website.

To see how OC works in one dimension, go to this page:

How Optimal Classification Works in One Dimension

To see how OC works in two or more dimensions, go to this page:

How Optimal Classification Works in Two or More Dimensions (Under Construction)

There were 1218 roll calls cast in the 108th House of which 913 roll calls had at least 0.5% or better in the minority and were used in the scaling. The rank ordering is based upon these 913 roll calls. Note that tied ranks are allowed.

The overall correct classification is 93.9% with an aggregate proportional reduction in error of (APRE) .813. In the ordering below, the number just to the right of the Representative's name is the classification error and the number to the right of that is the total number of roll calls cast by the member. For example, placing Representative McDermott at rank 1 only resulted in 38 classification errors out of a total of 861 votes cast. The proportion correct is 823/861 = .956 (which is shown just to the left of the rank).

Taking into account Hall's (TX) switch from Democrat to Republican in January, 2004, the two parties are perfectly separated in the liberal-conservative ordering.

To see the rank ordering sorted by state go here. 

 108 15613 73  7  WASHING D MCDERMOT      38  861   0.956   1.000
 108 14053 71 13  CALIFOR D STARK         40  851   0.953   2.000
 108 29748 24 10  OHIO    D KUCINICH      72  815   0.912   3.000
 108 10713 23 14  MICHIGA D CONYERS       43  769   0.944   4.000
 108 29106 71 35  CALIFOR D WATERS        41  851   0.952   5.000
 108 29325 71 51  CALIFOR D FILNER        35  862   0.959   6.000
 108 15431 44  5  GEORGIA D LEWIS         46  859   0.946   7.000
 108 15410 72  4  OREGON  D DEFAZIO      103  889   0.884   8.000
 108 14256 71  7  CALIFOR D MILLER        31  855   0.964   9.000
 108 29919  3  8  MASSACH D CAPUANO       50  886   0.944  10.000
 108 29123  3  1  MASSACH D OLVER         38  905   0.958  11.000
 108 29337 43 23  FLORIDA D HASTINGS      42  742   0.943  12.000
 108 29368 46  2  MISSISS D THOMPSON      78  900   0.913  13.000
 108 14265 33  8  MINNESO D OBERSTAR      82  874   0.906  14.000
 108 14656 33  5  MINNESO D SABO          83  892   0.907  15.000
 108 29940 25  2  WISCONS D BALDWIN       38  909   0.958  16.000
 108 29911 21  9  ILLINOI D SCHAKOWS      32  895   0.964  17.000
 108 29380 13 22  NEW YOR D HINCHEY       37  831   0.955  18.000
 108 29729  3  3  MASSACH D MCGOVERN      32  898   0.964  19.000
 108 15072 13 10  NEW YOR D TOWNS         50  819   0.939  20.000
 108 29378 13 12  NEW YOR D VELAZQUE      48  874   0.945  21.000
 108 29309 71  6  CALIFOR D WOOLSEY       42  857   0.951  22.500
 108 20305 61  7  ARIZONA D GRIJALVA      28  904   0.969  22.500
 108 15619 12 10  NEW JER D PAYNE         36  836   0.957  24.000
 108 29778 71  9  CALIFOR D LEE           45  885   0.949  25.500
 108 14435  3  7  MASSACH D MARKEY        38  898   0.958  25.500
 108 14824  3  4  MASSACH D FRANK         39  886   0.956  28.000
 108 20106 71 33  CALIFOR D WATSON        41  872   0.953  28.000
 108 15050 13 11  NEW YOR D OWENS         39  840   0.954  28.000
 108 29147  6  1  VERMONT I SANDERS       62  873   0.929  30.500
 108 29730  3  6  MASSACH D TIERNEY       30  888   0.966  30.500
 108 14280 71 30  CALIFOR D WAXMAN        38  822   0.954  32.000
 108 29313 71 17  CALIFOR D FARR          49  898   0.945  33.500
 108 29585 21  2  ILLINOI D JACKSON       43  912   0.953  33.500
 108 29571 49 10  TEXAS   D DOGGETT       69  865   0.920  35.000
 108 20147 34  1  MISSOUR D CLAY          46  802   0.943  36.000
 108 20103 71 15  CALIFOR D HONDA         53  873   0.939  37.500
 108 29720 22  7  INDIANA D CARSON        35  751   0.953  37.500
 108 15448 71  8  CALIFOR D PELOSI        39  879   0.956  39.000
 108 29717 21  7  ILLINOI D DAVIS         32  861   0.963  41.000
 108 20105 71 32  CALIFOR D SOLIS         25  892   0.972  41.000
 108 20310 71 39  CALIFOR D SANCHEZ       27  885   0.969  41.000
 108 15454 12  6  NEW JER D PALLONE       51  909   0.944  43.500
 108 29109  1  3  CONNECT D DELAURO       30  907   0.967  43.500
 108 29930 24 11  OHIO    D JONES         48  790   0.939  45.000
 108 29908  1  1  CONNECT D LARSON        49  872   0.944  46.000
 108 29733 23 13  MICHIGA D KILPATRI      47  846   0.944  47.000
 108 29101 61  4  ARIZONA D PASTOR        67  873   0.923  48.000
 108 15444 13 28  NEW YOR D SLAUGHTE      51  831   0.939  49.500
 108 15082 25  4  WISCONS D KLECZKA       43  850   0.949  49.500
 108 29377 13  8  NEW YOR D NADLER        29  881   0.967  51.000
 108 29731  3 10  MASSACH D DELAHUNT      38  830   0.954  52.000
 108 29389 24 13  OHIO    D BROWN         50  882   0.943  53.000
 108 29348 21  4  ILLINOI D GUTIERRE      39  802   0.951  54.500
 108 29923 12 12  NEW JER D HOLT          55  909   0.939  54.500
 108 12036 25  7  WISCONS D OBEY          87  899   0.903  56.500
 108 29710 62  1  COLORAD D DEGETTE       45  858   0.948  56.500
 108 29774 71 23  CALIFOR D CAPPS         41  897   0.954  58.000
 108 29588 72  3  OREGON  D BLUMENAU      62  850   0.927  59.000
 108 29316 71 31  CALIFOR D BECERRA       34  875   0.961  60.000
 108 29346 21  1  ILLINOI D RUSH          47  863   0.946  61.000
 108 29586 71 37  CALIFOR D MILLENDE      35  784   0.955  62.000
 108 39307 40  3  VIRGINI D SCOTT         47  902   0.948  63.000
 108 29587 52  7  MARYLAN D CUMMINGS      38  879   0.957  64.000
 108 29559 14  2  PENNSYL D FATTAH        40  823   0.951  66.500
 108 29134 13 16  NEW YOR D SERRANO       42  873   0.952  66.500
 108 13035 13 15  NEW YOR D RANGEL        37  823   0.955  66.500
 108 15245 82  1  HAWAII  D ABERCROM      66  882   0.925  66.500
 108 29317 71 34  CALIFOR D ROYBAL-A      23  880   0.974  69.500
 108 29383 47 12  NORTH C D WATT          48  884   0.946  69.500
 108 15616  3  2  MASSACH D NEAL          40  877   0.954  71.500
 108 29504 71 16  CALIFOR D LOFGREN       74  874   0.915  71.500
 108 29903 71 38  CALIFOR D NAPOLITA      27  895   0.970  73.000
 108 29573 49 18  TEXAS   D JACKSON-      61  870   0.930  74.000
 108 29924 66  3  NEW MEX D UDALL         73  913   0.920  75.000
 108 29358  3  5  MASSACH D MEEHAN        43  868   0.950  76.000
 108 15023 21 17  ILLINOI D EVANS         63  897   0.930  77.000
 108 29120 45  2  LOUISIA D JEFFERSO      63  840   0.925  78.000
 108 39305 49 30  TEXAS   D JOHNSON       66  875   0.925  79.000
 108 20339 47  1  NORTH C D BALLANCE      34  613   0.945  80.000
 108 29906 62  2  COLORAD D UDALL         76  858   0.911  82.000
 108 39301 48  6  SOUTH C D CLYBURN       62  881   0.930  82.000
 108 15000 13  5  NEW YOR D ACKERMAN      39  812   0.952  82.000
 108 29328 43  3  FLORIDA D BROWN         53  851   0.938  84.000
 108 20330 52  8  MARYLAN D VAN HOLLE     39  909   0.957  85.000
 108 20323 21  5  ILLINOI D EMANUEL       46  888   0.948  86.500
 108 15029 24  9  OHIO    D KAPTUR        54  867   0.938  86.500
 108 20343 24 17  OHIO    D RYAN          66  892   0.926  88.000
 108 20318 44  4  GEORGIA D MAJETTE       58  799   0.927  89.000
 108 29379 13 14  NEW YOR D MALONEY       45  897   0.950  90.000
 108 29728  2  1  MAINE   D ALLEN         63  899   0.930  91.000
 108 29312 71 14  CALIFOR D ESHOO         52  861   0.940  92.500
 108 29707 71 27  CALIFOR D SHERMAN       44  898   0.951  92.500
 108 29776 13  6  NEW YOR D MEEKS         55  845   0.935  94.000
 108 29715 43 19  FLORIDA D WEXLER        43  838   0.949  96.000
 108 29747 24  6  OHIO    D STRICKLA      98  902   0.891  96.000
 108 29926 13  9  NEW YOR D WEINER        30  885   0.966  96.000
 108 29535 34  5  MISSOUR D MCCARTHY      36  830   0.957  98.000
 108 14649 71  5  CALIFOR D MATSUI        38  849   0.955  99.500
 108 20122 33  4  MINNESO D MCCOLLUM      52  891   0.942  99.500
 108 29561 14 14  PENNSYL D DOYLE         67  886   0.924 103.000
 108 29777 14  1  PENNSYL D BRADY         70  898   0.922 103.000
 108  2605 23 15  MICHIGA D DINGELL       78  883   0.912 103.000
 108 14448 56  3  WEST VI D RAHALL       101  899   0.888 103.000
 108 29934 14 13  PENNSYL D HOEFFEL       25  840   0.970 103.000
 108 15124 22  1  INDIANA D VISCLOSK      94  898   0.895 106.500
 108 15033 23 12  MICHIGA D LEVIN         49  911   0.946 106.500
 108 15005 71 28  CALIFOR D BERMAN        44  810   0.946 108.000
 108 29741 12  8  NEW JER D PASCRELL      62  878   0.929 109.500
 108 15612 13 18  NEW YOR D LOWEY         36  884   0.959 109.500
 108 15614 13 21  NEW YOR D MCNULTY       83  895   0.907 111.000
 108 15603 13 17  NEW YOR D ENGEL         40  866   0.954 112.000
 108 29771 49 28  TEXAS   D RODRIGUE      60  862   0.930 113.000
 108 14430 23  5  MICHIGA D KILDEE        67  913   0.927 114.000
 108 14837 71 12  CALIFOR D LANTOS        38  863   0.956 115.500
 108 29564  5  1  RHODE I D KENNEDY       55  889   0.938 115.500
 108 14421 34  3  MISSOUR D GEPHARDT       6  225   0.973 117.000
 108 29709 71 47  CALIFOR D SANCHEZ       50  887   0.944 118.000
 108 20119  3  9  MASSACH D LYNCH         56  888   0.937 119.000
 108 20136  5  2  RHODE I D LANGEVIN      55  891   0.938 120.000
 108 29922 65  1  NEVADA  D BERKLEY       54  808   0.933 121.000
 108 20338 13  1  NEW YOR D BISHOP        43  896   0.952 122.000
 108 29132 12  1  NEW JER D ANDREWS       69  879   0.922 123.500
 108 29744 13  4  NEW YOR D MCCARTHY      38  895   0.958 123.500
 108 29335 43 20  FLORIDA D DEUTSCH       47  761   0.938 125.000
 108 29742 12  9  NEW JER D ROTHMAN       69  861   0.920 126.000
 108 20129 13  2  NEW YOR D ISRAEL        52  880   0.941 127.000
 108 20358 43 17  FLORIDA D MEEK          63  856   0.926 129.000
 108 20104 71 29  CALIFOR D SCHIFF        37  904   0.959 129.000
 108 29318 71 36  CALIFOR D HARMAN        56  865   0.935 129.000
 108 29149 40  8  VIRGINI D MORAN         73  877   0.917 131.500
 108 29373 12 13  NEW JER D MENENDEZ      56  883   0.937 131.500
 108 20108 71 53  CALIFOR D DAVIS         46  909   0.949 133.000
 108 14873 52  5  MARYLAN D HOYER         45  903   0.950 135.000
 108 29705 71 10  CALIFOR D TAUSCHER      54  913   0.941 135.000
 108 15408 52  3  MARYLAN D CARDIN        37  891   0.958 135.000
 108 29925 13  7  NEW YOR D CROWLEY       61  892   0.932 137.000
 108 29943 49 20  TEXAS   D GONZALEZ      61  897   0.932 138.000
 108 15438 47  4  NORTH C D PRICE         38  908   0.958 139.500
 108 20322 82  2  HAWAII  D CASE          97  871   0.889 139.500
 108 29937 73  1  WASHING D INSLEE        51  910   0.944 142.000
 108 29714 43 11  FLORIDA D DAVIS         61  886   0.931 142.000
 108 20341 47 13  NORTH C D MILLER        59  891   0.934 142.000
 108 14413 73  6  WASHING D DICKS         68  873   0.922 145.000
 108 29750 72  5  OREGON  D HOOLEY        63  896   0.930 145.000
 108 29931 72  1  OREGON  D WU            77  905   0.915 145.000
 108 29355 52  4  MARYLAN D WYNN          70  888   0.921 147.000
 108 29768 73  9  WASHING D SMITH         79  785   0.899 148.000
 108 29938 73  3  WASHING D BAIRD         79  874   0.910 149.500
 108 20145 73  2  WASHING D LARSEN        76  895   0.915 149.500
 108 29901 71  1  CALIFOR D THOMPSON      81  904   0.910 151.000
 108 29769 25  3  WISCONS D KIND          58  882   0.934 152.000
 108 20328  2  2  MAINE   D MICHAUD       70  913   0.923 153.000
 108 29745 47  2  NORTH C D ETHERIDG      57  909   0.937 154.000
 108 15064 48  5  SOUTH C D SPRATT        53  896   0.941 155.000
 108 29756 54  9  TENNESS D FORD          68  849   0.920 156.000
 108 29703 42  2  ARKANSA D SNYDER        78  887   0.912 157.000
 108 20340 47  1  NORTH C D BUTTERFI       5  101   0.950 158.000
 108 20329 52  2  MARYLAN D RUPPERSBE     62  877   0.929 159.000
 108 29914 22  9  INDIANA D HILL          79  909   0.913 160.500
 108 15019 54  5  TENNESS D COOPER       100  895   0.888 160.500
 108 29721 31  3  IOWA    D BOSWELL       72  899   0.920 162.000
 108 29915 32  3  KANSAS  D MOORE         72  900   0.920 163.000
 108 20354 49 25  TEXAS   D BELL          78  853   0.909 164.000
 108 29761 49  9  TEXAS   D LAMPSON       62  887   0.930 165.000
 108 15010 40  9  VIRGINI D BOUCHER       91  894   0.898 166.500
 108 29763 49 15  TEXAS   D HINOJOSA      60  858   0.930 166.500
 108 14626 49 24  TEXAS   D FROST         71  888   0.920 168.000
 108 20302 41  7  ALABAMA D DAVIS         74  897   0.918 169.000
 108 29942 71 43  CALIFOR D BACA          59  901   0.935 170.000
 108 20306 71 18  CALIFOR D CARDOZA       77  895   0.914 171.000
 108 29360 23  1  MICHIGA D STUPAK       104  864   0.880 172.000
 108 15083 56  1  WEST VI D MOLLOHAN     110  819   0.866 173.000
 108 15104 14 11  PENNSYL D KANJORSK      87  901   0.903 174.000
 108 29764 49 16  TEXAS   D REYES         46  796   0.942 175.000
 108 15049 49 27  TEXAS   D ORTIZ         52  847   0.939 176.500
 108 14072 14 12  PENNSYL D MURTHA       117  863   0.864 176.500
 108 39304 49 29  TEXAS   D GREEN         98  879   0.889 178.000
 108 15036 21  3  ILLINOI D LIPINSKI     103  769   0.866 179.000
 108 20321 44 13  GEORGIA D SCOTT        100  895   0.888 180.000
 108 29339 44  2  GEORGIA D BISHOP        75  884   0.915 181.000
 108 20102 42  4  ARKANSA D ROSS          53  911   0.942 182.000
 108 29702 42  1  ARKANSA D BERRY        108  893   0.879 183.000
 108 29746 47  7  NORTH C D MCINTYRE     111  890   0.875 184.000
 108 15453 21 12  ILLINOI D COSTELLO     115  895   0.872 185.000
 108 29396 14 17  PENNSYL D HOLDEN        78  900   0.913 186.000
 108 15100 54  6  TENNESS D GORDON        85  882   0.904 187.000
 108 15628 54  8  TENNESS D TANNER       113  875   0.871 188.000
 108 14451 34  4  MISSOUR D SKELTON       70  900   0.922 189.000
 108 29384 36  1  NORTH D D POMEROY       88  907   0.903 190.000
 108 29105 71 20  CALIFOR D DOOLEY       110  831   0.868 191.000
 108 29757 49  1  TEXAS   D SANDLIN      100  892   0.888 192.500
 108 20349 37  1  SOUTH D D HERSETH       19  254   0.925 192.500
 108 29758 49  2  TEXAS   D TURNER        77  876   0.912 194.000
 108 20326 51  6  KENTUCK D CHANDLER      38  378   0.899 195.000
 108 29144 49 11  TEXAS   D EDWARDS       64  885   0.928 196.000
 108 20132 53  2  OKLAHOM D CARSON        81  834   0.903 197.000
 108 15637 46  4  MISSISS D TAYLOR       201  905   0.778 198.000
 108 20350 54  4  TENNESS D DAVIS         67  883   0.924 199.000
 108 29713 43  2  FLORIDA D BOYD          77  865   0.911 200.000
 108 20317 44  3  GEORGIA D MARSHALL      97  866   0.888 201.000
 108 20140 67  2  UTAH    D MATHESON      91  911   0.900 202.000
 108 29727 45  7  LOUISIA D JOHN          67  812   0.917 203.000
 108 20327 45  5  LOUISIA D ALEXANDER    125  901   0.861 204.000
 108 29127 33  7  MINNESO D PETERSON     151  905   0.833 205.000
 108 29916 51  4  KENTUCK D LUCAS         81  896   0.910 206.000
 108 14664 49 17  TEXAS   D STENHOLM     116  892   0.870 207.000
 108 29100 41  5  ALABAMA D CRAMER        28  874   0.968 208.000
 108 14828 49  4  TEXAS   D HALL          57  514   0.889 209.000
 108 14432 31  2  IOWA    R LEACH         93  868   0.893 210.000
 108 15449  1  4  CONNECT R SHAYS        129  896   0.856 211.000
 108 20116 21 15  ILLINOI R JOHNSON       73  901   0.919 212.000
 108 20109  1  2  CONNECT R SIMMONS       89  890   0.900 213.000
 108 15007 13 24  NEW YOR R BOEHLERT      53  832   0.936 214.000
 108 29539 12  2  NEW JER R LOBIONDO      87  913   0.905 215.000
 108 39316 13 23  NEW YOR R MCHUGH        53  895   0.941 216.000
 108 20146 56  2  WEST VI R CAPITO        38  908   0.958 217.000
 108 14863 12  4  NEW JER R SMITH         72  895   0.920 218.000
 108 15112 12  3  NEW JER R SAXTON        58  884   0.934 219.000
 108 29544 13 19  NEW YOR R KELLY         71  905   0.922 220.000
 108 15028  1  5  CONNECT R JOHNSON       80  875   0.909 221.000
 108 15447 14  7  PENNSYL R WELDON        46  848   0.946 222.000
 108 29362 23  3  MICHIGA R EHLERS        79  892   0.911 223.000
 108 20115 21 10  ILLINOI R KIRK          69  881   0.922 224.000
 108 29122 52  1  MARYLAN R GILCHRES      60  888   0.932 225.500
 108 29327 11  1  DELAWAR R CASTLE       110  909   0.879 225.500
 108 29397 14  8  PENNSYL R GREENWOO      65  823   0.921 227.000
 108 15423 13 29  NEW YOR R HOUGHTON      63  809   0.922 228.000
 108 29912 21 13  ILLINOI R BIGGERT       60  908   0.934 229.000
 108 15093 49 19  TEXAS   R COMBEST        1   60   0.983 230.000
 108 29775 71 45  CALIFOR R BONO          44  882   0.950 231.000
 108 29538  4  2  NEW HAM R BASS          84  902   0.907 232.500
 108 15105 61  8  ARIZONA R KOLBE         70  900   0.922 232.500
 108 14605 35  1  NEBRASK R BEREUTER      66  743   0.911 234.000
 108 29517 21 18  ILLINOI R LAHOOD        48  859   0.944 235.000
 108 29736 34  8  MISSOUR R EMERSON       57  857   0.933 237.500
 108 29751 14  5  PENNSYL R PETERSON      39  857   0.954 237.500
 108 29552 24 18  OHIO    R NEY           44  902   0.951 237.500
 108 20126 35  3  NEBRASK R OSBORNE       39  891   0.956 237.500
 108 29917 51  6  KENTUCK R FLETCHER      18  379   0.953 240.000
 108 15446 23  6  MICHIGA R UPTON         85  904   0.906 241.000
 108 20135 14 19  PENNSYL R PLATTS        75  887   0.915 242.500
 108 29553 24 14  OHIO    R LATOURET      47  880   0.947 242.500
 108 29779 66  1  NEW MEX R WILSON        69  895   0.923 244.500
 108 20348 37  1  SOUTH D R JANKLOW       18  412   0.956 244.500
 108 29525 51  1  KENTUCK R WHITFIEL      41  873   0.953 246.000
 108 20345 14  6  PENNSYL R GERLACH       45  878   0.949 247.500
 108 29381 13 27  NEW YOR R QUINN         37  748   0.951 247.500
 108 29375 13  3  NEW YOR R KING          48  885   0.946 249.500
 108 20127 12  7  NEW JER R FERGUSON      45  827   0.946 249.500
 108 15630 13 25  NEW YOR R WALSH         33  889   0.963 252.500
 108 29927 13 20  NEW YOR R SWEENEY       61  867   0.930 252.500
 108 20331 23 10  MICHIGA R MILLER        30  896   0.967 252.500
 108 29541 12 11  NEW JER R FRELINGH      43  901   0.952 252.500
 108 15634 43 18  FLORIDA R ROS-LEHT      42  856   0.951 255.000
 108 29576 40 11  VIRGINI R DAVIS         67  877   0.924 256.000
 108 20334 65  3  NEVADA  R PORTER        59  913   0.935 258.000
 108 29563 14  3  PENNSYL R ENGLISH       62  896   0.931 258.000
 108 29390 24 15  OHIO    R PRYCE         35  887   0.961 258.000
 108 14239 21  6  ILLINOI R HYDE          37  815   0.955 261.500
 108 29516 21 11  ILLINOI R WELLER        53  890   0.940 261.500
 108 14869 40 10  VIRGINI R WOLF          42  910   0.954 261.500
 108 15604 24  5  OHIO    R GILLMOR       48  887   0.946 261.500
 108 20303 61  1  ARIZONA R RENZI         65  907   0.928 265.500
 108 29581 73  5  WASHING R NETHERCU      31  834   0.963 265.500
 108 20335  4  1  NEW HAM R BRADLEY       68  892   0.924 265.500
 108 20346 14 18  PENNSYL R MURPHY        37  908   0.959 265.500
 108 29548 47  5  NORTH C R BURR          46  853   0.946 268.000
 108 29522 31  4  IOWA    R LATHAM        32  909   0.965 270.000
 108 94828 49  4  TEXAS   R HALL          23  384   0.940 270.000
 108 29386 24  2  OHIO    R PORTMAN       25  894   0.972 270.000
 108 29323 71 44  CALIFOR R CALVERT        8  895   0.991 275.000
 108 15605 43 14  FLORIDA R GOSS          32  773   0.959 275.000
 108 14860 43 22  FLORIDA R SHAW          28  902   0.969 275.000
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