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"Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "002987.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14105, "prob": 94, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.631, "y": 0.776, "name": "HELMS, Jesse", "seo_name": "jesse-helms", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014105.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 1252, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.371, "y": 0.42, "name": "BURDICK, Quentin Northrup", "seo_name": "quentin-northrup-burdick", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "001252.jpg", "state_abbrev": "ND", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10450, "prob": 93, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.172, "y": 0.187, "name": "YOUNG, Milton Ruben", "seo_name": "milton-ruben-young", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010450.jpg", "state_abbrev": "ND", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10630, "prob": 94, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.278, "y": -0.789, "name": "TAFT, Robert, Jr.", "seo_name": "robert-taft-jr", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010630.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OH", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 12108, "prob": 6, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.271, "y": -0.885, "name": "SAXBE, William Bart", "seo_name": "william-bart-saxbe", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "012108.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OH", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14100, "prob": 37, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.433, "y": 0.069, "name": "BARTLETT, Dewey Follett", "seo_name": "dewey-follett-bartlett", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014100.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OK", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 12101, "prob": 9, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.307, "y": -0.47, "name": "BELLMON, Henry Louis", "seo_name": "henry-louis-bellmon", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "012101.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OK", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 12107, "prob": 98, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.135, "y": -0.78, "name": "PACKWOOD, Robert William", "seo_name": "robert-william-packwood", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "012107.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OR", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11203, "prob": 98, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.056, "y": -0.773, "name": "HATFIELD, Mark Odom", "seo_name": "mark-odom-hatfield", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "011203.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OR", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 8301, "prob": 97, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.162, "y": -0.823, "name": "SCOTT, Hugh Doggett, Jr.", "seo_name": "hugh-doggett-scott-jr", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "008301.jpg", "state_abbrev": "PA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10557, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.029, "y": -0.575, "name": "SCHWEIKER, Richard Schultz", "seo_name": "richard-schultz-schweiker", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010557.jpg", "state_abbrev": "PA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10818, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.332, "y": -0.326, "name": "PELL, Claiborne de Borda", "seo_name": "claiborne-de-borda-pell", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "010818.jpg", "state_abbrev": "RI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 7229, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.256, "y": -0.144, "name": "PASTORE, John Orlando", "seo_name": "john-orlando-pastore", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "007229.jpg", "state_abbrev": "RI", "district": "", "flags": "voPivot"}, {"icpsr": 9369, "prob": 63, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.391, "y": 0.227, "name": "THURMOND, James Strom", "seo_name": "james-strom-thurmond", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "009369.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11204, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.293, "y": 0.925, "name": "HOLLINGS, Ernest Frederick (Fritz)", "seo_name": "ernest-frederick-fritz-hollings", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "011204.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 13000, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.743, "y": 0.423, "name": "ABOUREZK, James George", "seo_name": "james-george-abourezk", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "013000.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SD", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 6256, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.573, "y": 0.223, "name": "MCGOVERN, George Stanley", "seo_name": "george-stanley-mcgovern", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "006256.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SD", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11200, "prob": 92, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.283, "y": -0.445, "name": "BAKER, Howard Henry, Jr.", "seo_name": "howard-henry-baker-jr", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "011200.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TN", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10571, "prob": 84, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.345, "y": -0.177, "name": "BROCK, William Emerson, III", "seo_name": "william-emerson-brock-iii", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010571.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TN", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10823, "prob": 67, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.444, "y": -0.07, "name": "TOWER, John Goodwin", "seo_name": "john-goodwin-tower", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010823.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TX", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 660, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.163, "y": 0.458, "name": "BENTSEN, Lloyd Millard, Jr.", "seo_name": "lloyd-millard-bentsen-jr", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "000660.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TX", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 6754, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.396, "y": 0.192, "name": "MOSS, Frank Edward (Ted)", "seo_name": "frank-edward-ted-moss", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "006754.jpg", "state_abbrev": "UT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 645, "prob": 25, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.447, "y": -0.334, "name": "BENNETT, Wallace Foster", "seo_name": "wallace-foster-bennett", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "000645.jpg", "state_abbrev": "UT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10562, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.055, "y": -0.695, "name": "STAFFORD, Robert Theodore", "seo_name": "robert-theodore-stafford", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010562.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VT", "district": "", "flags": "voPivot"}, {"icpsr": 52, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.062, "y": -0.435, "name": "AIKEN, George David", "seo_name": "george-david-aiken", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "000052.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11048, "prob": 51, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.422, "y": 0.385, "name": "SCOTT, William Lloyd", "seo_name": "william-lloyd-scott", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "011048.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10802, "prob": 19, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.092, "y": 0.968, "name": "BYRD, Harry Flood, Jr.", "seo_name": "harry-flood-byrd-jr", "party": "Independent", "party_short_name": "Independent", "party_code": 328, "img": "010802.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 5913, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.325, "y": 0.179, "name": "MAGNUSON, Warren Grant", "seo_name": "warren-grant-magnuson", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "005913.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 4851, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.296, "y": 0.065, "name": "JACKSON, Henry Martin (Scoop)", "seo_name": "henry-martin-scoop-jackson", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "004851.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 1366, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.309, "y": 0.729, "name": "BYRD, Robert Carlyle", "seo_name": "robert-carlyle-byrd", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "001366.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WV", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 7722, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.247, "y": 0.31, "name": "RANDOLPH, Jennings", "seo_name": "jennings-randolph", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "007722.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WV", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 7638, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.598, "y": 0.801, "name": "PROXMIRE, William", "seo_name": "william-proxmire", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "007638.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10816, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.567, "y": 0.198, "name": "NELSON, Gaylord Anton", "seo_name": "gaylord-anton-nelson", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "010816.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 6249, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.24, "y": 0.145, "name": "McGEE, Gale William", "seo_name": "gale-william-mcgee", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "006249.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WY", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11202, "prob": 58, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.489, "y": -0.036, "name": "HANSEN, Clifford Peter", "seo_name": "clifford-peter-hansen", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "011202.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WY", "district": ""}], "codes": {"Clausen": ["Government Management"], "Peltzman": ["Regulation Special Interest"], "Issue": ["Coal Mining Regulation/Strip Mining/Black Lung"]}, "dtl_desc": "TO PASS S. 425.", "short_description": "CO-OP B/N STATE & INTERIOR DEPT RE SURFACE MINING REGS (PA", "nay_count": 8, "congress": 93, "rollnumber": 450, "date": "1973-10-09", "nominate": {"pre": 0.125, "log_likelihood": -17.112, "classified": 0.923, "mid": [0.253, 0.968], "spread": [0.186, 0.301], "geo_mean_probability": 0.829, "slope": -3.5739703831543377, "intercept": 1.8722145069380474, "x": [10, -10], "y": [-33.86748932460533, 37.61191833848143]}, "chamber": "Senate", "vote_result": null, "cg_summary": "(LATEST SUMMARY)\n=Title I:  Statement of Findings and Policy= -  Expresses the findings of Congress and declares the purposes of this Act, including to establish a  nationwide program to prevent the adverse effects to society and the environment resulting from surface  coal mining operations and surface impacts of underground coal mining operations.\n=Title II:  Office of Surface Mining Reclamation  and Enforcement= - Establishes in the Department of Interior the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation  and Enforcement to administer the programs for controlling surface coal mining operations which are  required by this Act and to perform other specified functions.\n=Title III:  State Mining and Mineral Resources  and Research Institute= - Authorizes to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Interior adequate  sums to assist States in carrying on the work of a mining and mineral resources research institute  at one public college or university.\nAuthorizes appropriations for research funds to  institutes.  Sets forth the funding criteria to be met by such institutes.\nDirects the Secretary to establish a center for  cataloging scientific research in all fields of mining and mineral resources.\nEstablishes an Advisory Committee on Mining and  Mineral Research to consult with the Secretary on all matters relating to mining and mineral resources research.\n=Title IV:  Abandoned Mine Reclamation= - Creates  on the books of the Treasury a trust fund known as the Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund, specifying  the nature of amounts deposited in such fund and the purposes for which they shall be available.  Sets  forth, in priority order, the objectives of the fund, with the protection of health or safety of the public foremost.\nProvides for: (1) the reclamation of rural lands;  (2) the acquisition and reclamation of abandoned and unreclaimed mined lands; and (3) the filling of  voids and sealing of tunnels.\n=Title V:  Control of the Environmental Impacts  of Surface Coal Mining= - Directs the Secretary, within 180 days, to promulgate regulations for surface  coal mining and reclamation operations and to establish procedures and requirements for preparation,  submission, and approval of State programs and implementation of Federal programs under this title.   Outlines the nature of such regulations, the application requirements, the reclamation plan requirements,  the filing of performance bonds, and the procedures for permit approval, denial, and revision.\nStipulates that each State or Federal program  include a requirement that coal exploration operations which substantially disturb the natural  land surface be conducted under a permit issued by the regulatory authority.  Requires public notice  and hearing on applications for a surface coal mining and reclamation permit, allowing the filing of written  objections by specified persons.  Prescribes the procedures governing the decisions of a regulatory  authority and appeals.\nStates that any permit issued pursuant to this  Act to conduct surface coal mining operations shall require that such operations will meet all applicable  performance standards of this Act and such other requirements as the regulatory authority shall promulgate,  setting forth twenty minimums for such standards.\nDirects the Secretary to: (1) promulgate rules  directed toward the surface effects of underground coal mining operations; and (2) cause inspections  to be made to evaluate administration of the programs.\nImposes penalties for violations of this Act.\nProvides for the release of performance bonds  or deposits under enumerated circumstances.  Authorizes citizen suits under specified conditions.  Provides  for enforcement of this Act.\nProvides that to be eligible to assume primary  regulatory authority, each State shall establish a planning process enabling objective decisions based  upon competent data as to which land areas are unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal  mining operations.  Outlines the procedures to be followed in designating areas unsuitable for surface coal mining.\nProvides for judicial review of any action of  the Secretary to approve or disapprove a State program or to promulgate a Federal program pursuant to this Act.\nAuthorizes the regulatory authority to issue separate  regulations for those special bituminous coal surface mines located west of the one hundredth  meridian west longitude which meet specified criteria, including that the excavation of the pit  takes place on the same relatively limited site for an extended period of time.  Empowers the Secretary  to issue separate regulations for anthracite coal surface mines.\n=Title VI:  Designation of Lands Unsuitable for  Non-Coal Mining= - Provides that with respect to Federal lands within any State, the Secretary may  review any area to assess whether it may be unsuitable for mining operations for minerals or materials  other than coal.  Enumerates the criteria and procedures for such review.\n=Title VII:  Administrative and Miscellaneous  Provisions= - Defines the terms used in this Act. States the effect of this Act on other Federal laws.   Provides for employee protection.\nAuthorizes the Secretary to make annual grants  to any State for assistance in developing, administering, and enforcing State programs under this Act.\nRequires the Secretary to submit an annual report  concerning activities pursuant to this Act.\nProvides a preference in the award of reclamation  area contracts to persons adversely affected by this Act.  Directs the Secretary of Labor to make  grants to States to provide cash benefits to persons who lose coal mining jobs as a direct result of closure  under this Act who are not eligible for or have exhausted unemployment assistance.\nDirects the Secretary to contract with the National  Academy of Sciences-National Academy of Engineering for a study of surface coal mining conditions in Alaska  to determine which provisions of this Act should be modified.  Calls for a study of the reclamation  standards for surface mining of other minerals.  Directs the Secretary to study the question of the regulation  of surface mining on Indian lands.\nStates that to encourage advances in mining and  reclamation practices the regulatory authority may authorize departures, on an experimental basis, from  the environmental protection standards promulgated under provisions of this Act.\nAuthorizes appropriations to carry out the purposes of this Act.\nEmpowers the Secretary to conduct the coordination  and acceleration of research and training related to coal mining technologies and safety and health  in the application of such technologies.\nProvides for the protection of surface owners  and for Federal lessees.", "cg_official_titles": ["A bill to provide for the cooperation between the Secretary of the Interior and the States with respect to the regulation of surface mining operations, and the acquisition and reclamation of abandoned mines."], "dtl_sources": [{"rollcall_id": "RS0930450", "page_number": "S18901", "publication": "Digest of the Congressional Record", "file_number": "119-150"}], "congress_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/93rd-congress/Senate-Bill/425", "description": "TO PASS S. 425.", "question": null}], "apitype": "Web 2019-10", "elapsedTime": 0.012}