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"paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.499, "y": -0.441, "name": "BUCKLEY, James Lane", "seo_name": "james-lane-buckley", "party": "Conservative Party", "party_short_name": "Conservative", "party_code": 112, "img": "013100.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NY", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 2987, "prob": 78, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.041, "y": 0.999, "name": "ERVIN, Samuel James, Jr.", "seo_name": "samuel-james-ervin-jr", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "002987.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14105, "prob": 99, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.631, "y": 0.776, "name": "HELMS, Jesse", "seo_name": "jesse-helms", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014105.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 1252, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.371, "y": 0.42, "name": "BURDICK, Quentin Northrup", "seo_name": "quentin-northrup-burdick", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "001252.jpg", "state_abbrev": "ND", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10450, "prob": 84, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.172, "y": 0.187, "name": "YOUNG, Milton Ruben", "seo_name": "milton-ruben-young", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010450.jpg", "state_abbrev": "ND", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10630, "prob": 9, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 1, "x": 0.278, "y": -0.789, "name": "TAFT, Robert, Jr.", "seo_name": "robert-taft-jr", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010630.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OH", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14073, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.492, "y": -0.266, "name": "METZENBAUM, Howard Morton", "seo_name": "howard-morton-metzenbaum", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014073.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OH", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14100, "prob": 60, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.433, "y": 0.069, "name": "BARTLETT, Dewey Follett", "seo_name": "dewey-follett-bartlett", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014100.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OK", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 12101, "prob": 85, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.307, "y": -0.47, "name": "BELLMON, Henry Louis", "seo_name": "henry-louis-bellmon", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "012101.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OK", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 12107, "prob": 98, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.135, "y": -0.78, "name": "PACKWOOD, Robert William", "seo_name": "robert-william-packwood", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "012107.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OR", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11203, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.056, "y": -0.773, "name": "HATFIELD, Mark Odom", "seo_name": "mark-odom-hatfield", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "011203.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OR", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 8301, "prob": 97, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.162, "y": -0.823, "name": "SCOTT, Hugh Doggett, Jr.", "seo_name": "hugh-doggett-scott-jr", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "008301.jpg", "state_abbrev": "PA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10557, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.029, "y": -0.575, "name": "SCHWEIKER, Richard Schultz", "seo_name": "richard-schultz-schweiker", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010557.jpg", "state_abbrev": "PA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10818, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.332, "y": -0.326, "name": "PELL, Claiborne de Borda", "seo_name": "claiborne-de-borda-pell", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "010818.jpg", "state_abbrev": "RI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 7229, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.256, "y": -0.144, "name": "PASTORE, John Orlando", "seo_name": "john-orlando-pastore", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "007229.jpg", "state_abbrev": "RI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 9369, "prob": 62, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.391, "y": 0.227, "name": "THURMOND, James Strom", "seo_name": "james-strom-thurmond", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "009369.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11204, "prob": 99, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.293, "y": 0.925, "name": "HOLLINGS, Ernest Frederick (Fritz)", "seo_name": "ernest-frederick-fritz-hollings", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "011204.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 13000, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.743, "y": 0.423, "name": "ABOUREZK, James George", "seo_name": "james-george-abourezk", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "013000.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SD", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 6256, "prob": 100, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.573, "y": 0.223, "name": "MCGOVERN, George Stanley", "seo_name": "george-stanley-mcgovern", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "006256.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SD", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11200, "prob": 87, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.283, "y": -0.445, "name": "BAKER, Howard Henry, Jr.", "seo_name": "howard-henry-baker-jr", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "011200.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TN", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10571, "prob": 71, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.345, "y": -0.177, "name": "BROCK, William Emerson, III", "seo_name": "william-emerson-brock-iii", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010571.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TN", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10823, "prob": 47, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.444, "y": -0.07, "name": "TOWER, John Goodwin", "seo_name": "john-goodwin-tower", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010823.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TX", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 660, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.163, "y": 0.458, "name": "BENTSEN, Lloyd Millard, Jr.", "seo_name": "lloyd-millard-bentsen-jr", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "000660.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TX", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 6754, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.396, "y": 0.192, "name": "MOSS, Frank Edward (Ted)", "seo_name": "frank-edward-ted-moss", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "006754.jpg", "state_abbrev": "UT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 645, "prob": 60, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.447, "y": -0.334, "name": "BENNETT, Wallace Foster", "seo_name": "wallace-foster-bennett", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "000645.jpg", "state_abbrev": "UT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10562, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.055, "y": -0.695, "name": "STAFFORD, Robert Theodore", "seo_name": "robert-theodore-stafford", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "010562.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 52, "prob": 99, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.062, "y": -0.435, "name": "AIKEN, George David", "seo_name": "george-david-aiken", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "000052.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11048, "prob": 78, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.422, "y": 0.385, "name": "SCOTT, William Lloyd", "seo_name": "william-lloyd-scott", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "011048.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10802, "prob": 50, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.092, "y": 0.968, "name": "BYRD, Harry Flood, Jr.", "seo_name": "harry-flood-byrd-jr", "party": "Independent", "party_short_name": "Independent", "party_code": 328, "img": "010802.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 5913, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.325, "y": 0.179, "name": "MAGNUSON, Warren Grant", "seo_name": "warren-grant-magnuson", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "005913.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 4851, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.296, "y": 0.065, "name": "JACKSON, Henry Martin (Scoop)", "seo_name": "henry-martin-scoop-jackson", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "004851.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 1366, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.309, "y": 0.729, "name": "BYRD, Robert Carlyle", "seo_name": "robert-carlyle-byrd", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "001366.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WV", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 7722, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.247, "y": 0.31, "name": "RANDOLPH, Jennings", "seo_name": "jennings-randolph", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "007722.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WV", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 7638, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.598, "y": 0.801, "name": "PROXMIRE, William", "seo_name": "william-proxmire", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "007638.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 10816, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.567, "y": 0.198, "name": "NELSON, Gaylord Anton", "seo_name": "gaylord-anton-nelson", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "010816.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 6249, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "x": -0.24, "y": 0.145, "name": "McGEE, Gale William", "seo_name": "gale-william-mcgee", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "006249.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WY", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11202, "prob": 37, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "x": 0.489, "y": -0.036, "name": "HANSEN, Clifford Peter", "seo_name": "clifford-peter-hansen", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "011202.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WY", "district": ""}], "codes": {"Clausen": ["Miscellaneous Policy"], "Peltzman": ["Internal Organization"], "Issue": ["Impeachments and Investigations"]}, "dtl_desc": "TO PASS S. 4016.", "short_description": "PROTECT NIXON TAPES & MATERIALS (PASS)", "nay_count": 7, "congress": 93, "rollnumber": 1026, "date": "1974-10-04", "nominate": {"pre": 0.444, "log_likelihood": -12.8, "classified": 0.932, "mid": [0.086, 0.992], "spread": [0.224, 0.415], "geo_mean_probability": 0.841, "slope": -3.121795298792565, "intercept": 1.2604743956961606, "x": [10, -10], "y": [-29.95747859222949, 32.478427383621806]}, "chamber": "Senate", "vote_result": null, "cg_summary": "(LATEST SUMMARY)\nPresidential Recordings and Materials Preservation  Act - =Title I:  Preservation of Presidential Recordings and Materials= - Requires any Federal employee  in possession to deliver, and the Administrator of General Services to receive, obtain, or retain, complete  possession and control of all original tape recordings of conversations which were recorded or caused to  be recorded by any officer or employee of the Federal Government and which: (1) involve former President  Richard M. Nixon or other individuals who, at the time of the conversation, were employed by the Federal Government;  (2) were recorded in the White House or in the office of the President in the Executive Office Buildings located  in Washington, District of Columbia; Camp David, Maryland; Key Biscayne, Florida; or San Clemente,  California; and (3) were recorded during the period beginning January 20, 1969, and ending August 9, 1974.\nDirects that the Administrator shall receive,  retain, or make reasonable efforts to obtain, complete possession and control of all papers, documents, memorandums,  transcripts, and other objects and materials which constitute the Presidential historical materials of  Richard M. Nixon, covering the period beginning January 20, 1969, and ending August 9, 1974.\nDefines the term \"historical materials\" for purposes  of this title.\nRequires that the tape recordings and other materials  covered by this Act shall, immediately upon the date of enactment of this title, be made available,  subject to any rights, defenses, or privileges which the Federal Government or any person may invoke,  for use in any judicial proceeding or otherwise subject to court subpena or other legal process.  States that any request by the Office of Watergate Special Prosecution Force, whether by court subpena  or other lawful process, for access to such recordings or materials shall at all times have priority  over any other request for such recordings or materials.  Provides that Richard M. Nixon, or any  person whom he may designate in writing, shall at all times have access to the tape recordings and other  materials referred to herein for any purpose which is consistent with the provisions of this title subject  to the regulations which the Administrator shall issue pursuant to the provisions of this Act.\nRequires any agency or department in the executive  branch of the Federal Government to at all times have access to the tape recordings and other materials  referred to herein for lawful Government use, subject to the regulations which the Administrator shall issue  pursuant to the provisions of this Act.\nDirects the Administrator to issue at the earliest  possible date such regulations as may be necessary to assure the protection of the tape recordings and  other materials referred to herein from loss or destruction, and to prevent access to such recordings  and materials by unauthorized persons.  Provides that custody of such recordings and materials shall be  maintained in Washington, District of Columbia, or its metropolitan area, except as may otherwise be necessary  to carry out the provisions of this title.\nProvides for regulations that would provide public  access to the tape recordings and other materials covered by this title.  Requires the Administrator  to submit to each House of the Congress a report proposing and explaining such regulations within ninety  days of enactment of this title.\nProvides that the United States District Court  for the District of Columbia shall have exclusive jurisdiction to hear challenges to the legal or constitutional  validity of this title or of any regulation issued under the authority granted by this title, and any action or  proceeding involving the question of title, ownership, custody, possession, or control of any tape recording or material  referred to or involving payment of any just compensation which may be due in connection therewith.\nStipulates that if, under the procedures established  herein a judicial decision is rendered that a particular provision of this title, or a particular  regulation issued under the authority granted by this title, is unconstitutional or otherwise invalid, such  decision shall not affect in any way the validity or enforcement of any other provision of this title or  any regulation issued under the authority granted by this title.\nStipulates that if, a final decision of such court  holds that any provision of this title has deprived an individual of private property without just compensation,  then there shall be paid out of the general fund of the Treasury of the United States such amount or amounts  as may be adjudged by that court.\nAuthorizes the appropriation of such sums as may  be necessary to carry out the provisions of this title.\n=Title II:  Public Documents Commission= - Public  Documents Act - Establishes a commission to be known as the National Study Commission on Records and Documents  of Federal Officials.\nMakes it the duty of the Commission to study problems  and questions with respect to the control, disposition, and preservation of records and documents produced  by or on behalf of Federal officials, with a view toward the development of appropriate legislative recommendations  and other recommendations regarding appropriate rules and procedures with respect to such control, disposition,  and preservation.  Requires that such study shall include consideration of: (1) whether the historical  practice regarding the records and documents produced by or on behalf of Presidents of the United States should  be rejected or accepted and whether such practice should be made applicable with respect to all Federal officials;  (2) the relationship of the findings of the Commission to the provisions of Federal laws relating to the control,  disposition, and preservation of records and documents of Federal officials; (3) whether the findings of  the Commission should affect the control, disposition, and preservation of records and documents of agencies  within the Executive Office of the President created for short-term purposes by the President; (4) the recordkeeping procedures  of the White House Office, with a view toward establishing means to determine which records and documents are  produced by or on behalf of the President; (5) the nature of rules and procedures which should apply to the control,  disposition, and preservation of records and documents produced by Presidential task forces, commissions, and boards;  (6) criteria which may be used generally in determining the scope of materials which should be considered to be the  records and documents of Members of the Congress; (7) the privacy interests of individuals whose communications with  Federal officials, and with task forces, commissions, and boards, are a part of the records and documents produced by  such officials, task forces, commissions, and boards; and (8) other problems, questions, or issues which the Commission  considers relevant to carrying out its duties.\nProvides for the membership of the Commission.   Authorizes the appropriation of such sums as may be necessary to carry out this title.", "cg_official_titles": ["A bill to protect and preserve tape recordings of conversations involving former President Richard M. Nixon and made during his tenure as President, and for other purposes."], "dtl_sources": [{"rollcall_id": "RS0931026", "page_number": "S18336", "publication": "Digest of the Congressional Record", "file_number": "120-150"}], "congress_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/93rd-congress/Senate-Bill/4016", "description": "TO PASS S. 4016.", "question": null}], "apitype": "Web 2019-10", "elapsedTime": 0.013}