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"party_code": 100, "img": "015071.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NJ", "district": "", "flags": "fbPivot"}, {"icpsr": 14912, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.266, "y": 0.045, "name": "BINGAMAN, Jesse Francis (Jeff), Jr.", "seo_name": "jesse-francis-jeff-bingaman-jr", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014912.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NM", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14103, "prob": 95, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.257, "y": -0.247, "name": "DOMENICI, Pete Vichi", "seo_name": "pete-vichi-domenici", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014103.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NM", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14900, "prob": 90, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.182, "y": -0.337, "name": "D'AMATO, Alfonse Marcello", "seo_name": "alfonse-marcello-d-amato", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014900.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NY", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14508, "prob": 98, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.301, "y": -0.414, "name": "MOYNIHAN, Daniel Patrick", "seo_name": "daniel-patrick-moynihan", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014508.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NY", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 49304, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.709, "y": 0.5, "name": "FAIRCLOTH, Duncan McLauchlin (Lauch)", "seo_name": "duncan-mclauchlin-lauch-faircloth", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "049304.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14105, "prob": 93, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.631, "y": 0.776, "name": "HELMS, Jesse", "seo_name": "jesse-helms", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014105.jpg", "state_abbrev": "NC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 15502, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.296, "y": 0.582, "name": "CONRAD, Kent", "seo_name": "kent-conrad", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "015502.jpg", "state_abbrev": "ND", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14812, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.267, "y": 0.09, "name": "DORGAN, Byron Leslie", "seo_name": "byron-leslie-dorgan", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014812.jpg", "state_abbrev": "ND", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 15020, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.289, "y": -0.418, "name": "DeWINE, Michael", "seo_name": "michael-dewine", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "015020.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OH", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14304, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.262, "y": -0.067, "name": "GLENN, John Herschel, Jr.", "seo_name": "john-herschel-glenn-jr", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014304.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OH", "district": "", "flags": "voPivot"}, {"icpsr": 15424, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.552, "y": 0.045, "name": "INHOFE, James Mountain", "seo_name": "james-mountain-inhofe", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "015424.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OK", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14908, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.52, "y": 0.111, "name": "NICKLES, Donald Lee", "seo_name": "donald-lee-nickles", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014908.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OK", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 49705, "prob": 85, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.192, "y": -0.21, "name": "SMITH, Gordon Harold", "seo_name": "gordon-harold-smith", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "049705.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OR", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14871, "prob": 98, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.335, "y": -0.485, "name": "WYDEN, Ronald Lee", "seo_name": "ronald-lee-wyden", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014871.jpg", "state_abbrev": "OR", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 29141, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.338, "y": -0.234, "name": "SANTORUM, Richard John (Rick)", "seo_name": "richard-john-rick-santorum", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "029141.jpg", "state_abbrev": "PA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14910, "prob": 85, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.068, "y": -0.627, "name": "SPECTER, Arlen", "seo_name": "arlen-specter", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014910.jpg", "state_abbrev": "PA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14500, "prob": 97, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.084, "y": -0.996, "name": "CHAFEE, John Hubbard", "seo_name": "john-hubbard-chafee", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014500.jpg", "state_abbrev": "RI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 29142, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.36, "y": -0.154, "name": "REED, John F. (Jack)", "seo_name": "john-f-jack-reed", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "029142.jpg", "state_abbrev": "RI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 11204, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.293, "y": 0.925, "name": "HOLLINGS, Ernest Frederick (Fritz)", "seo_name": "ernest-frederick-fritz-hollings", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "011204.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 9369, "prob": 92, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.391, "y": 0.227, "name": "THURMOND, James Strom", "seo_name": "james-strom-thurmond", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "009369.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SC", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14617, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.303, "y": 0.114, "name": "DASCHLE, Thomas Andrew", "seo_name": "thomas-andrew-daschle", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014617.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SD", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 15425, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.25, "y": 0.143, "name": "JOHNSON, Timothy Peter (Tim)", "seo_name": "timothy-peter-tim-johnson", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "015425.jpg", "state_abbrev": "SD", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 49502, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.366, "y": -0.222, "name": "FRIST, William H.", "seo_name": "william-h-frist", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "049502.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TN", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 49503, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.403, "y": -0.678, "name": "THOMPSON, Fred Dalton", "seo_name": "fred-dalton-thompson", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "049503.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TN", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14628, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.551, "y": -0.108, "name": "GRAMM, William Philip (Phil)", "seo_name": "william-philip-phil-gramm", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014628.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TX", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 49306, "prob": 96, "vote": "Abs", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.356, "y": 0.012, "name": "HUTCHISON, Kathryn Ann Bailey (Kay)", "seo_name": "kathryn-ann-bailey-kay-hutchison", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "049306.jpg", "state_abbrev": "TX", "district": "", "flags": "fbPivot"}, {"icpsr": 49307, "prob": 97, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.331, "y": -0.11, "name": "BENNETT, Robert Foster (Bob)", "seo_name": "robert-foster-bob-bennett", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "049307.jpg", "state_abbrev": "UT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14503, "prob": 98, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.382, "y": -0.004, "name": "HATCH, Orrin Grant", "seo_name": "orrin-grant-hatch", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014503.jpg", "state_abbrev": "UT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14240, "prob": 77, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.014, "y": -0.687, "name": "JEFFORDS, James Merrill", "seo_name": "james-merrill-jeffords", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014240.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14307, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.36, "y": -0.121, "name": "LEAHY, Patrick Joseph", "seo_name": "patrick-joseph-leahy", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014307.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VT", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 15705, "prob": 99, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.2, "y": -0.04, "name": "ROBB, Charles Spittal", "seo_name": "charles-spittal-robb", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "015705.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14712, "prob": 92, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.262, "y": -0.131, "name": "WARNER, John William", "seo_name": "john-william-warner", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014712.jpg", "state_abbrev": "VA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14904, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.271, "y": -0.652, "name": "GORTON, Thomas Slade, III (Slade)", "seo_name": "thomas-slade-gorton-iii-slade", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "014904.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 49308, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.357, "y": -0.311, "name": "MURRAY, Patty", "seo_name": "patty-murray", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "049308.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WA", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 1366, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.309, "y": 0.729, "name": "BYRD, Robert Carlyle", "seo_name": "robert-carlyle-byrd", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "001366.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WV", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 14922, "prob": 100, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.326, "y": 0.177, "name": "ROCKEFELLER, John Davison (Jay), IV", "seo_name": "john-davison-jay-rockefeller-iv", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "014922.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WV", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 49309, "prob": 82, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.308, "y": -0.951, "name": "FEINGOLD, Russell Dana", "seo_name": "russell-dana-feingold", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "049309.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 15703, "prob": 97, "vote": "Nay", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": -0.256, "y": -0.406, "name": "KOHL, Herbert H.", "seo_name": "herbert-h-kohl", "party": "Democratic Party", "party_short_name": "Democrat", "party_code": 100, "img": "015703.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WI", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 49706, "prob": 99, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.545, "y": 0.199, "name": "ENZI, Michael B.", "seo_name": "michael-b-enzi", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "049706.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WY", "district": ""}, {"icpsr": 15633, "prob": 100, "vote": "Yea", "paired_flag": 0, "vote_modifier": "", "x": 0.446, "y": -0.128, "name": "THOMAS, Craig Lyle", "seo_name": "craig-lyle-thomas", "party": "Republican Party", "party_short_name": "Republican", "party_code": 200, "img": "015633.jpg", "state_abbrev": "WY", "district": ""}], "codes": {"Clausen": ["Government Management"], "Peltzman": ["Regulation Special Interest"], "Issue": ["Consumer Protection Agency/Consumer Protection"]}, "dtl_desc": "(THREE-FIFTHS OF THOSE SENATORS DULY CHOSEN AND SWORN NOT HAVING VOTED IN THE AFFIRMATIVE, SENATE REJECTED THE MOTION TO INVOKE CLOTURE ON S. 648, A BILL TO ESTABLISH LEGAL STANDARDS AND PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCT LIABILITY LITIGATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES./.)", "question": "On the Cloture Motion", "short_description": "PRODUCT LIABILITY", "nay_count": 47, "congress": 105, "vote_question_text": "On the Cloture Motion S.Amdt. 3064 to S. 648 (Product Liability Reform Act of 1997)", "rollnumber": 486, "date": "1998-07-09", "vote_document_text": "In the nature of a substitute.", "nominate": {"pre": 0.957, "log_likelihood": -8.574, "classified": 0.98, "mid": [0.104, -0.097], "spread": [-0.318, 0.569], "need_pre_prob_update": 1, "geo_mean_probability": 0.916, "slope": 3.232357249416699, "intercept": -0.43316515393933674, "x": [10, -10], "y": [31.890407340227657, -32.75673764810633]}, "chamber": "Senate", "vote_result": "Cloture Motion Rejected", "cg_summary": "TABLE OF CONTENTS:\nTitle I:  Product Liability Reform\nTitle II:  Biomaterials Access Assurance\nTitle III:  Limitations on Applicability; Effective Date\nProduct Liability Reform Act of 1997 -\nTitle I:  Product Liability Reform\n- Applies this Act to any product liability action in any State or Federal court on any theory for harm caused by a product, except for:  (1) commercial loss actions; (2) civil negligent entrustment actions; and (3) any dramshop or third-party liability actions arising from the sale or provision of alcohol to intoxicated persons or minors.\n(Sec. 103) Imposes seller liability if the seller failed to exercise reasonable care, made an express warranty, or engaged in intentional wrongdoing.  Declares that a failure to inspect is not a failure of reasonable care if there was no reasonable opportunity to inspect or if the inspection would not have revealed the aspect that caused the harm.  Makes a seller liable as a manufacturer if the manufacturer is not subject to service or if the claimant would be unable to enforce a judgment.  Makes certain persons engaged in the business of renting or leasing liable as a seller, but prohibits liability for the tortious act of another solely by reason of ownership.\n(Sec. 104) Makes it a complete defense if the defendant proves that the claimant was under the influence of alcohol or a drug and was more than 50 percent responsible.\n(Sec. 105) Reduces damages by the percentage of harm attributable to misuse or alteration, except for actions involving an employer or co-employee if the employer or co-employee is, under State law, immune from claimant's action.\n(Sec. 106) Limits the time within which a product liability action must be started.\n(Sec. 107) Allows a claimant or defendant in a product liability action to offer to proceed with voluntary, nonbinding alternative dispute resolution.\n(Sec. 108) Allows punitive damages, as permitted by State law, if the claimant shows by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant's conduct, carried out with a conscious, flagrant indifference to the rights or safety of others, was the proximate cause of the harm.   Regulates punitive damage amounts.\n(Sec. 110) Permits several and prohibits joint liability for noneconomic loss, allocating liability in direct proportion to the percentage of responsibility.\nTitle II:  Biomaterials Access Assurance\n- Biomaterials Access Assurance Act of 1997 - Excludes from the term \"claimant,\" for this title, anyone who alleges harm caused by a silicone gel breast implant.\n(Sec. 204) Applies this title, subject to exception, to any civil action in Federal or State court against a manufacturer, seller, or biomaterials supplier, on any legal theory, for harm allegedly caused by an implant.\n(Sec. 205) Declares that a biomaterials supplier shall not be liable for harm caused by an implant unless the supplier:  (1) is a manufacturer; (2) is a seller; and (3) furnishes materials or parts that fail to meet contractual requirements or specifications.\nSets forth the circumstances in which a supplier may be considered a manufacturer and the circumstances in which a supplier may be considered a seller.\nAllows a supplier, to the extent required and permitted by other law, to be liable if the claimant shows, by a preponderance of the evidence, violation of contractual requirements or specifications.\n(Sec. 206) Sets forth procedures relating to motions by a supplier to dismiss actions that are subject to this title.\nTitle III:  Limitations on Applicability; Effective Date\n- Makes any circuit court of appeals decision interpreting this Act a precedent for any Federal or State court within that court's geographic jurisdiction.  Declares that U.S. district courts shall not have jurisdiction under this Act based on provisions of the U.S. Code relating to Federal questions, commerce and antitrust, and amounts in controversy.", "cg_official_titles": ["A bill to establish legal standards and procedures for product liability litigation, and for other purposes."], "congress_url": "http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.uscongress/legislation.105samdt3064", "clerk_rollnumber": 188, "description": "In the nature of a substitute."}], "apitype": "Web 2019-10", "elapsedTime": 0.014}